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Monday, May 21, 2007

Will Business Investment Pull the US From the Brink of Recession?

An article in today's Wall Street Journal makes this case, based on the following points.

As the economy cooled last year, many companies found themselves with excess stock, particularly home builders, car makers and the suppliers that depend on them. The result was a sharp pullback in inventory accumulation that now appears to be over, a development that portends production increases. Business inventories declined in March. Although still 4.8% above year-earlier levels, they were 7.7% above year-earlier levels in August. Inventories in the languishing auto industry are running 2.7% below year-earlier levels, the U.S. Commerce Department says.


As the economy has become more technologically sophisticated the inventory to sales ratio has become less important. In other words, companies don't have to have as much product on hand to be successful. That means low inventory levels are the norm. While the inventory draw-down is good, I don't think it has the same predictive power as before.

However, the recent industrial production figures showed a marked increase from the previous month's levels giving this point more credence.

But so far this year, profit growth hasn't sagged quite as much as some anticipated, leaving many businesses with hoards of cash they can steer to capital purchases if the mood strikes. Noting plans by cable companies and telecommunications firms to increase capital spending, Federal Reserve governor Frederic Mishkin last month predicted a rebound in business investment this year. "Business balance sheets are strong, and although profits have slowed, profit margins remain elevated," Mr. Mishkin said. "The continuation of a moderate economic expansion is likely over time to restore confidence and lead to a firming in business investment."


The problem with this point is business was cash rich through the last two quarters. According to the Flow of Funds report corporations are the only economic sector that has contributed to national savings over the last 5 years. In other words, business already had the money to invest and didn't.

Strong global growth together with the recent weakness of the dollar have created what should be an excellent climate for U.S. exporters. Most economists chalk up the decline in exports in the first quarter to a statistical fluke that will soon be undone.


This is the strongest point in the article. A look at the earnings reports from the latest quarter show that companies with strong international exposure did well. The continued projected weakness of the dollar will most likely continue this scenario for the foreseeable future.

As with all matters economic, we'll have to wait and see how this plays out. However, the author does make some good points that provide excellent food for thought.

An Ugly Chart

Here is a long-term dollar chart from the Wall Street Journal. The article dealt with a different topic. I simply wanted to put up this chart to show what the dollar chart looks like right now. It's not a pretty picture.

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The Wolfowitz Legacy

Following on from the much heralded resignation of Paul Wolfowtiz from the presidency of the World Bank, questions are already being raised about the willingness of member countries to maintain the tradition that the new bank president be nominated by the American president.

The World Bank, having thrust the issue of ethics and accountability firmly into the spotlight, is also facing some very hard questions about its internal structure and procedures.

Aside from internal accountability, questions are also being asked about the accountability and honesty of those nations that benefit from loans and aid handed out by the World Bank.

It is ironic that Bush and Wolfowitz may, quite unwittingly, have done the World Bank a service by forcing these issues into the spotlight.

Sunday, May 20, 2007

The Markets Through a P&F Lense

For those of you who are unfamiliar with P&F charts, I would highly recommend you start to get acquainted. These charts allow you to filter out a great deal of extraneous market noise and focus solely on the big price movement. This helps to get a solid picture of the market's general trend.

All three of these charts say the same thing: the market is in a bull phase. Also notice the cumulative volume on the up moves (market with the green x's) is higher than the volume of the price declines.

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However, the NY and NASDAQ advance/decline lines aren't looking that strong right now.

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Despite the new highs on the Dow for what seems like forever, the Advance decline line is in a range for most of May. The NASDAQ advance decline line is declining. Both of these charts indicate the market's recent advance is on shaky ground and a pullback should be surprising.

Bonddad's Back

I'm back from a wonderful three days in San Diego. I would like to thank the Britt Scripps Inn for their wonderful accommodations, the San Diego Zoo, the Museum of Photographic Arts, Old Town San Diego and the Sicilian Festival for a wonderful time.

Bonddad's amazing girlfriend found the Britt Scripps Inn, and she gets many kudos and much praise for the find.

I feel rested and rejuvenated and ready to tackle the market and my law practice. It's amazing what a few days can do.

Saturday, May 19, 2007

For those looking for a fix of Crude Oil News:

... you can find Crude Oil news at The Oil Drum ... mixed in with a wide range of Peak Oil and New Energy Technology news, some of it at a very high level of technical sophistication ... and also that special post-apocalyptic Mad Max spice that sometimes enters into the discussion threads.

This week's This Week In Petroleum, in particular, has a very cogent discussion on understanding what is going on with gasoline prices ... and how the decline of gasoline prices last fall is one of the principle driving forces for the rise in gasoline prices that we are going to be experiencing over the next few weeks to months.

Friday, May 18, 2007

Wolfowitz Resigns

Paul Wolfowitz has finally comes to his senses and resigned (effective as from 30 June) as president of the World Bank.

The World Bank board will meet later today to discuss leadership issues, including the process of selecting the new president.

However, as is custom and practice, the White House still has the right to appoint the president. US Treasury Secretary, Henry Paulson, said that he would help President Bush to identify a nominee after consultations with other World Bank member countries.

The United States, the bank's largest shareholder, has named the World Bank chief since it formed the bank over 60 years ago.

However, this time around Bush will not find the process of nomination so straight forward:

1 Wolfowitz, a Bush nominee, failed in the post becuase he was arrogant and ignored ethics

2 Bush's presidency is imploding, rocked by domestic political scandals and the Iraq failure, his power and authority is draining away

3 Bush is despised by many European leaders

The failure of Wolfowitz is symbolic of the failure of Bush. The next US nominee will find that the other members of the bank will subject him/her to intense scrutiny before approving him/her.

Thursday, May 17, 2007

Bonddad On Mini-Vacation

I am signing off until Monday. Bonddad and Bonddad's girlfriend are going to San Diego for some R&R. I am not taking a computer, I am not answering my cell phone (save for my niece and Dad), I am not reading a newspaper, nor am I watching the news.

I will see y'all on Monday morning, bright and early.

Have a safe weekend.

Leading Indicator Drops

From the Conference Board:

* The leading index decreased in April, and the small March increase was revised up as actual data for manufacturing new orders for nondefense capital goods became available. The leading index declined or remained the same in three of the last six months. As a result, from October to April, the leading index fell 0.2 percent (a -0.4 percent annual rate). In April, housing permits made the largest negative contribution, but the weaknesses among the leading indicators have been somewhat more widespread than the strengths over the past few months.

* The coincident index increased again in April, the third consecutive gain. From October to April, the coincident index rose by 0.7 percent (a 1.3 percent annual rate). In April, all four coincident indicators contributed to the gain and the largest contribution came from industrial production followed by personal income. The coincident index grew at an average annual rate of about 2.5 percent in 2006, but its growth has moderated to about a 1.5 to 2.0 percent average annual rate in the first four months of the year.

* The leading index is 0.7 percent below its April 2006 level. In the second half of 2006, the leading index was essentially flat from July through November, followed by a small pick up in December, and it is now slightly below its October level. At the same time, real GDP grew only at a 1.3 percent annual rate (advance estimates) in the first quarter of 2007, following a 2.5 percent rate in the fourth quarter of 2006. The recent behavior of the composite indexes suggests that economic growth is likely to continue to be slow in the near term.

....

The leading index now stands at 137.3 (1996=100). Based on revised data, this index increased 0.6 percent in March and decreased 0.6 percent in February. During the six-month span through April, the leading index decreased 0.2 percent, with three out of ten components advancing (diffusion index, six-month span equals thirty percent.)


I made it a habit of not looking at leading/sentiment indicators because I didn't think they were very good at predicting. However, some research from Merrill Lynch (I'm a client) proved me wrong. The LEI index is actually pretty good at forecasting the next 3-6 months.

Here's a chart from Martin Capital that shows the Leading, Coincident and Lagging indicators from the Conference Board:

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Wal-Mart Hedges On Outlook

From CBS Marketwatch:

Wal-Mart Stores Inc. said Tuesday that first-quarter earnings rose 8%, as robust results from the retailer's growing international division and at its warehouse stores offset persistent problems in its core U.S. stores.

The world's largest retailer also signaled that second-quarter results could fall short of expectations. Moreover, Wal-Mart said it would put greater emphasis on its "everyday low prices" to boost traffic and sales.

Bentonville, Ark.-based Wal-Mart saw its shares slip fractionally to close at $47.62 on the New York Stock Exchange.

.....

The retailer has blamed disappointing U.S. sales on a number of issues in recent quarters -- from disruptions tied to store-remodeling efforts to misreading consumers' desires. But Tuesday it narrowed its list of factors to three related financial concerns that Scott said currently face Wal-Mart customers:

* General money or income worries.
* Inflation's effect on consumers' budgets.
* Escalating prices at the gas pump, which Wal-Mart has long called the biggest factor affecting the purchasing decisions of its core customers.


Gasoline prices at the retail level have risen nearly 40% since the end of February, and on Monday the American Automobile Association said that the cost of filling up a vehicle had hit an all-time high.


Let's look at those three factors in a bit more detail.

1.) Income: According to information from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the average hourly earnings of production workers rose about 1% after adjusting for inflation from April 2006 to April 2007. I use this figure for Wal-Mart customers because the information from the BEA has figures for executives whereas the average hourly earnings of production workers is focused on the lower 80% of the US workforce.

For the duration of this expansion the increase is even worse. In November 2001, the average hourly pay of non-supervisory workers was $14.72. This increased to $17.25 in the latest survey for an increase of 17.18%. Inflation level increased from 177.4 to 206.86 over the same period for an increase of 16.51%, making the real increase in non-supervisory wages .67% since this expansion began.

Combine this 1% yearly increase and .67% expansion increase with a national savings rate that's been negative for over a year and high consumer debt levels and you can see why Wal-Mart's core customer group may slow down purchases. Their pay isn't increasing much after inflation, they're drawing down their savings (if they have any) to spend and they're already heavily in debt.

2.) Inflation: this is where the ridicules obsession with the "core rate" of inflation really comes into the spotlight. Wal-Mart's customers -- along with every other person in this economy -- consumers food and energy. While the YOY numbers aren't bad, they are still very visible every day at the grocery store and the gas pump. In addition, inflation is hitting key items. For example, the ethanol obsession is increasing corn prices, which is increasing milking cow's feed prices, which is increasing milk prices. The point here is consumers are seeing key food products increase in price at uncomfortable rates.

3.) Gas prices are at a nominal, all-time high -- before the summer driving season. See this post for more detail.

Wal-Mart has some problems that are self-made. But their core customer hasn't seen a meaningful pay increase for the duration of this expansion and is seeing gas and food prices (those annoying non-core elements of inflation) increase at an uncomfortable level. No wonder Wal-Mart had a terrible April.

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